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Macedonian translations
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Some facts about Macedonian language
The Macedonian¤ language is a language in the Eastern
group of South Slavic languages. It is spoken by some 1.5
million people, primarily in the Republic of Macedonia, the
Macedonian Slavs.
The Macedonian language is most closely related to the Bulgarian
language. Macedonian also has similarities with Serbian, particularly
Old Serbian. Bulgarian and Macedonian share typological similarities
with Romanian, Greek, and Albanian. These five languages make
up the Balkan language league, even though they are all from
different language families (Romanian is a Romance language,
while Greek and Albanian comprise their own branches in the
Indo-European family).
Macedonian is the official language in the Republic of Macedonia,
and officially recognized in the District of Korce in Albania.
Native speakers are also found in Serbia and Montenegro, Greece,
and Albania. Presently, the Macedonian government is voting
on whether Albanian should become the second official language
in the Republic of Macedonia.
Macedonian is the only Slavic language apart from Bulgarian
which has no noun cases, but three different definite articles,
which are used as suffixes.
A modified Cyrillic script, Macedonian Cyrillic with 31 letters,
is used for writing.
Cyrillic, with Glagolitic, was an old Slavic script, used
for the original Old Slavonic language. Only Cyrillic is used
today, probably because the letters are simpler and more easily
learnt when scholars like Saint Cyril introduced Christian
writings to the Slavic people.
Macedonian is taught as a subject in several university centres
in the world, and is being taught in all universities of the
former Yugoslavia.
History
The 19th century, accompanied by pan-Slavic nationalism,
saw the first attempts to resolve the question of linguistic
norms in the Bulgarian-Macedonian diasystem. Writers from
Macedonia advocated a common Bulgarian language based on the
Slavic dialects in Macedonia or on a compromise between the
upper-Bulgarian (northeastern Bulgarian) and the western Macedonian
dialects. Writers from Bulgaria, however, insisted on the
adoption of the northeastern Bulgarian dialect only. The establishment
of an autonomous Bulgarian principality north of the Stara
Planina led eventually to the adoption of the Eastern literary
variant even after the codification of the Bulgarian language
in 1899 maintained some differences between eastern Bulgarian
and western Bulgarian and Macedonian dialects. (All this notwithstanding,
it's important to remember that the Macedonians have not recognized
themselves as a nation until relatively recently; excepting
the minority that defined itself as Serbian, the predecessors
of the modern Macedonians called themselves Bulgarians.)
Bulgarian view on the Macedonian language
Although it was the first country to recognise the
independence of the Republic of Macedonia, Bulgaria has refused
to recognise the existence of a separate Macedonian nation
and a separate Macedonian language. It is argued that the
language of the Macedonian Slavs was regarded as a Bulgarian
dialect before the 1940s and that Macedonian linguists resort
to falsifications of history and documents in order to further
the opinion that there was a consciousness of a separate Macedonian
language before that time.
Greek view on the Macedonian language
The name of the language is considered offensive by Greece
and many Greeks, who assert that the Ancient Macedonian language
spoken by Alexander the Great in ancient Macedon is the only
"Macedonian language". They further argue that since
Slavic immigration to the region did not begin until well
after the decline of the Macedonian Empire, it is historically
inaccurate to refer to a Slavic language as Macedonian. Quite
often the arguments are similar to the bulgarian view, mainly
that macedonian was created artificially by Tito for political
reasons. Moderate greeks would refer to the langage as slavo-macedonian.
However, most non-Greek parties such as international news
organizations and language scholars refer to the language
as "Macedonian".
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